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Traditional Mexican Dances You Should Know About

Mexican Latin woman from Oaxaca Mexico, indigenous from the Guelaguetza
Mexican Latin woman from Oaxaca Mexico, indigenous from the Guelaguetza | clicksdemexico / Shutterstock

Traditional Mexican dances merge the country’s indigenous, African and European influences. The Spanish were unsuccessful in trying to suppress indigenous dance during colonial times; instead, Spanish culture became part of the routines. Styles such as folklorico and jarabe have become a celebrated part of Mexico’s national identity, culture and customs, with dedicated troupes, such as the Ballet Folklorico, performing them.

Jarabe Tapatío

We’re kicking off with what is easily the most internationally well known, and arguably the most patriotic, of all of Mexico’s traditional dances – the Jarabe Tapatío. This dance is deeply embedded in Mexico’s culture. Typically referred to as the Mexican Hat Dance in English – at one point the steps revolve around a sombrero placed on the floor – Mexico’s national dance is intricately linked with its pride as a nation. One aspect that possibly aids the enduring popularity of this courtship dance (aside from ballerina Anna Pavlova’s en pointe version) is the distinctly Mexican clothing; the male dancer wears a charro suit and the female dancer a china poblana dress.

Latin couple of dancers wearing traditional Mexican dress from Guadalajara Jalisco Mexico Latin America

La Conquista

La Conquista (the Conquest) is a traditional Mexican dance that, as the name suggests, narrates the story of the Spanish conquest. Masked dancers play all the key historical players, from the conquistador Hernán Cortés and La Malinche, a Nahua woman who acted as his interpreter and adviser, to the Aztec ruler Moctezuma. The dance depicts the death of the latter at the hands of the former. It’s particularly popular in the western states of Michoacán and Jalisco, and although it’s not an indigenous dance, the tragic story it depicts is vital in terms of Mexican history, including the story of those who were here before the European arrival.

Danza de los Viejitos

Popular in the state of Michoacán is the Danza de los Viejitos (Dance of the Little Old Men). Technically, this dance was created and popularised in the 20th century, but its roots and rhythm are rooted firmly in traditional folk dance. The four old men in question represent earth, air, fire and water. This dance is notable for the wooden shoes worn by the dancers, which certainly make each step they take that much more impactful. Traditional instruments and indigenous clothing are also featured in the dance, which often finds itself compared to a similar dance known as Huehuenches or Huehues.

Traditional mexican folk dance. Dance of the little old men. Colorful Mexican Folkloric Dancer.

Danza del Venado

Another of Mexico’s ritualistic dances is the Danza del Venado (Deer Dance), which depicts the story of a deer hunt and is typically performed in springtime. Originating in the Yaqui regions of Sonora and Sinaloa, renditions of this practically unchanged dance are now performed across the country and even in parts of the USA. The great thing about the dance is that it’s instantly identifiable, as the dancers wear real or imitation antlers with red ribbon accents on their heads.

Los Voladores de Papantla

Another iconic dance is Los Voladores de Papantla, considered by UNESCO a symbol of Intangible Cultural Heritage. Prepare to be terrified, however, because the event begins with all five participants scaling a 30m (98ft) pole, from which four of them then proceed to drop – one lucky member remains at the top playing a flute and drum. Attached only by a rope, they gently twirl and spin, and then gracefully make their way to the ground.

five mexicans in costumes performing the papantla flying dance upsidedown

Concheros

Featuring dancers dressed in indigenous costume, including headdresses and body paint, Concheros (Shells) is predominantly an indigenous dance. Although there’s some European influence here in the form of armadillo shell lutes, the other instruments that accompany it, such as the drums and flutes, are more authentic. You might hear Concheros referred to as the Chichimecas or Aztecas, and there is also a version called the Mexicas, which seeks to get back to the indigenous roots of the dance.

Danza de los Diablos

A dance that is key to understanding Mexico’s often sidelined African heritage is the Guerrero/Oaxaca-based Danza de los Diablos. It goes a long way in Mexico’s tradition, originally developed during the colonial period, during which the Spanish brought enslaved Africans to the coasts of Mexico, the dance features characteristics unique to the region. All the participants wear similar masks and dress, with the exception of the dancer interpreting the role of the main devil, who has more elegant attire. The dance is often performed on the Day of the Dead, and its movements are said to symbolise the breaking away of the Africans from the Spanish slave owners.

Mexican devil mask dancing in the streets of the state Guerrero.

Matlachines

This dance is particularly popular and is performed all over the north of the country, particularly in Zacatecas. Matlachines is especially known for the colourful outfits the dancers wear, including chicken feather headdresses, usually dyed to match the colours of the Mexican flag, and, as with the Danza de los Viejitos, wood-soled shoes that help emphasise the sound of each step. Although Tlaxcala sometimes lays claim to Matlachines, it’s generally accepted that the dance originated in Aguascalientes.

Moros y Cristianos

One of the few entirely non-indigenous dances included in this guide is the so-called Moros y Cristianos (Moors and Christians) dance. First introduced by monks, the dance is now typically included as part of a larger festival that includes other elements such as mock battles. The festivals represent the capturing of Spanish towns and cities by the Moors and the reconquering by the local Christian population, and are mainly held in Valencia in southern Spain. All participants, whether they are playing Moors or Christians, wear capes and masks depicting their allegiances.

Chinelos

Now considered a symbol of the state of Morelos, although it was originally practised during carnival celebrations in the south of Mexico City and the State of Mexico, this dance pokes fun at the Spanish. The dancers disguise themselves (the word chinelos is thought to have come from the Nahuatl for “disguised”) and take on the roles of the Spanish, imitating their elaborate dress, as well as their fair colouring. The mask-wearing and role-reversal permitted at carnivals allowed for the mockery of Europeans, even in colonial times.

A person with a colorful chinelo costume, dancing in a carnival in Mexico

Lucha Libre Experience in Mexico City

Historical Landmark

pink face wrestling mask against a blue velvet background
Girl with red hat/ Shutterstock

The Lucha Libre Experience in Mexico City immerses visitors in the vibrant world of Mexican wrestling, a beloved cultural spectacle. Witness thrilling matches featuring masked luchadores showcasing their acrobatic skills and dramatic performances. The lively atmosphere includes colorful costumes, enthusiastic crowds, and traditional music, making it an unforgettable night out. This unique experience offers insights into the rich history and significance of lucha libre in Mexican culture, combining entertainment with a glimpse into the country’s passion for wrestling and community.

Walking Tour in Mexico City for Exploring their Cultural Heritage

Historical Landmark

Centro Histórico, Centro, Mexico City, CDMX, Mexico
Laurentiu Morariu / unsplash

A walking tour in Mexico City focused on exploring cultural heritage offers an immersive experience into the city’s rich history and vibrant traditions. Stroll through historic neighborhoods, visit iconic landmarks like the Zócalo and the National Palace, and discover hidden gems in local markets. Along the way, knowledgeable guides share stories about Mexico’s pre-Hispanic roots, colonial architecture, and contemporary art scenes. This tour is perfect for history buffs and cultural enthusiasts, providing a deep appreciation for Mexico City’s diverse heritage and lively atmosphere.

Cancun Dancer Catamaran Cruise with Snorkeling and Lunch

Historical Landmark

Seeing fish while snorkeling
Giulia Salvaterra / unsplash

The Cancun Dancer Catamaran Cruise offers an exciting day on the water, combining snorkeling, stunning views, and delicious dining. Set sail on a spacious catamaran while enjoying the tropical breeze and vibrant music. Snorkel in crystal-clear waters, exploring colorful coral reefs and diverse marine life. Afterward, indulge in a tasty lunch served on board, featuring local flavors and refreshing drinks. Perfect for families and friends, this cruise provides a fun and relaxing way to experience the beauty of Cancun’s coastline and its underwater wonders.

Cabo San Lucas Tacos Cooking Class, Mixology and Dancing Lessons

Hiking Trail, Natural Feature

Cabo San Lucas from above
eric_clark / unsplash

The Cabo San Lucas Tacos Cooking Class offers a delightful culinary experience, where participants learn to create authentic Mexican tacos from fresh ingredients. Guided by skilled chefs, you’ll master traditional techniques and flavors, enhancing your cooking skills. The class also includes mixology lessons, teaching you how to craft refreshing cocktails that perfectly complement your tacos. To top off the experience, enjoy lively dancing lessons, immersing yourself in the vibrant culture of Mexico. This fun-filled class is perfect for food lovers and those looking to enjoy the local lifestyle.

Bacalar, Quintana Roo

Ruins

Bacalar, Quintana Roo, Mexico
lizaguayo / unsplash
Bacalar is famed for its seven-toned lagoon, which makes it a fantastic place to visit if you want the beautiful surroundings offered in Cancún (also situated in Quintana Roo), but without the hordes of tourists. This small fishing town, originally founded by Mayan settlers, is now popular amongst those looking for a spot to snorkle and scuba dive in peace. It also has several interesting and similarly underrated Mayan ruins that you can check out nearby.

2 Hours and 30 Minutes Salsa Night in México City

Historical Landmark

Make Salsa Not War
natalya_0104 / unsplash

Join the 2-hour and 30-minute Salsa Night in Mexico City for an energetic evening of dance and culture. This lively event includes a salsa dance lesson, perfect for beginners and seasoned dancers alike, led by experienced instructors who will guide you through essential moves and rhythms. After the lesson, enjoy a vibrant social dance session, where you can practice your skills with fellow participants. With a lively atmosphere and Latin music, Salsa Night is a fantastic way to immerse yourself in the local dance scene and enjoy a fun night out in the heart of Mexico City.

About the author

Yorkshire-born food, drink and travel writer based out of Mexico, you can find my work at Nat Geo, CNN, Extra Crispy and OZY, amongst other publications. Everything Mexico is my niche, but I also dabble in spewing my unsolicited opinions about teabags and pork pies. Find more of my work at northernlauren.com.

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